Here are some examples of when consumers may face information failures when making buying decisions:

• Lack of information: Consumers may not have all the information they need to make an informed decision about a purchase. This could be because the information is not available, or because it is too complex or difficult to understand.
• Misleading information: Consumers may be given misleading information about a product or service. This could be done intentionally by the seller, or unintentionally due to a lack of knowledge or understanding.
• Hidden information: Consumers may not be aware of all the costs associated with a purchase. This could include hidden fees, taxes, or other charges.
• Unreliable information: Consumers may be given information that is not accurate or up-to-date. This could be because the information is outdated, or because it was not obtained from a reliable source.

Information failures can lead to consumers making poor buying decisions. This could result in them spending more money than they need to, or buying a product or service that is not right for them. In some cases, information failures can even lead to consumers being harmed.