Matza argued that rather than deviant values being a feature of criminal subcultures, they were something we all shared. We have "subterranean values" alongside the mainstream, compliant ones, which we learn to keep hidden and to not act on. When we are younger, and in difficult or uncertain times, we may act on our subterranean values. It is clear that we do not consider them normal or acceptable as we develop techniques of neutralisation to try and return back to the normal value consensus.