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Profiles of Key Political Thinkers (Edexcel A-Level Politics)

Last updated 2 Jun 2020

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Here are short profiles of all the key political thinkers featured in the Edexcel A-Level Politics specification.

Conservatism

Thomas Hobbes (1588−1679)

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Edmund Burke (1729−1797)

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Michael Oakeshott (1901−1990)

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Ayn Rand (1905−1982)

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Robert Nozick (1938−2002)

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Liberalism

John Locke (1632−1704)

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Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-97)

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John Stuart Mill (1806−73)

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John Rawls (1921−2002)

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Betty Friedan (1921−2006)

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Socialism

Karl Marx (1818 – 1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895)

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Beatrice Webb (1858-1943)

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Rosa Luxemburg (1871−1919)

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Anthony Crosland (1918−77)

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Anthony Giddens (1938− )

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Feminism

Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935)

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Simone de Beauvoir (1908−1986)

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Kate Millett (1934 − 2017)

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Sheila Rowbotham (1943− )

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bell hooks (1952−2021)

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Anarchism

Max Stirner (1806-1856)

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Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865)

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Mikhail Bakunin (1814-1876)

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Peter Kropotkin (1842-1921)

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Emma Goldman (1869-1940)

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Nationalism

Charles Maurras (1868−1952)

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Giuseppe Mazzini (1805−1872)

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Marcus Garvey (1887−1940)

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712−1778)

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Johann Gottfried von Herder (1744−1803)

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Ecologism

Murray Bookchin (1921-2006)

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Rachel Carson (1907-1964)

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Aldo Leopold (1887-1948)

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Carolyn Merchant (1936- )

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E. F. Schumacher (1911-1977)

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Multiculturalism

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