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The Central Nervous System (CNS) is the part of the nervous system that processes and interprets information from all over the body. It then sends out instructions to control muscles, glands, and organs. The CNS is protected by the skull (for the brain) and the vertebral column (for the spinal cord). It is made up of two main parts: the brain, which handles thinking, memory, and decision-making, and the spinal cord, which connects the brain to the rest of the body and controls reflexes.