Here are some common examples of non-tariff barriers:

• Quotas: These are limits on the quantity of a good that can be imported.
• Licenses and permits: Governments may require licenses or permits for certain goods to be imported, which can create red tape and delay the import process.
• Regulations: Governments may impose regulations on imported goods that require additional testing, labeling, or packaging, which can add to the cost of imports.
• Subsidies: Governments may provide financial support to domestic producers to help them compete against imports, which can make it harder for foreign producers to sell their products in the country.
• Administrative requirements: Governments may impose complicated administrative requirements, such as inspection and certification procedures, that increase the cost and complexity of importing goods.