An ageing population refers to a situation in which the proportion of older people in a population is increasing relative to the number of younger people. An ageing population can be caused by a variety of factors, including declining fertility rates, increasing life expectancy, and changes in the age structure of the population. An ageing population can have a number of economic, social, and cultural impacts, including an increased burden on social services and pension systems, a declining labor force, and changes in patterns of consumption and leisure.