training - on the job
As the name implies, on the job training involves employees training at their place or work.
The most common methods of on the job training are:
- Demonstration / instruction; showing the trainee how to do the job
- Coaching - a more intensive method of training that involves a close working relationship between an experienced employee and the trainee
- Job rotation - where the trainee is given several jobs in succession, to gain experience of a wide range of activities (e.g. a graduate management trainee might spend periods in several different departments)
- Projects - employees join a project team - which gives them exposure to other parts of the business and allow them to take part in new activities. Most successful project teams are "multi-disciplinary"
Advantages of on the job training
- Generally more cost effective
- Less disruptive to the business - i.e. employees are not away from work
- Training an employee in their own working environment, with equipment they are familiar with and people they know can help they gain direct experience to a standard approved by the employer
- Employees may find that they have more confidence if they are supervised and guided as they feel they are doing the job right
- Employees may feel more at ease being taught or supervised by people they know rather than complete strangers at an external training course
- Managers or supervisors can assess improvement and progress over a period of time and this makes it easier to identify a problem intervene and resolve problems quickly
- On the job training is also productive, as the employee is still working as they are learning
- As training progresses and the employee begins to feel more confident, this confidence would allow them to work at a higher standard and ultimately be more productive
- Training "on-the-job" provides an opportunity to get to know staff they might not normally talk to
Disadvantages of on the job training
- Teaching or coaching is a specialist skill in itself; unless the trainer has the skills and knowledge to train, this would mean that the training will not be done to a sufficient standard
- The trainer may not be given the time to spend with the employee to teach them properly, which would mean substandard training has been achieved and learning has only been half done
- The trainer may posses bad habits and pass these on to the trainee
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